ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Sleep is a complex, reversible process that is responsible for the modulation of various physiological mechanisms. COVID-19-related sleep disorders are affecting different populations with a heterogenous prevalence, yet high rates among infected patients are frequently reported. The aim of the study is to assess the prevalence of insomnia in the early post-COVID-19 recovery period and explore the differences in the results acquired by the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) by gender and selected infection severity parameters. METHODS: The data presented in the paper come from a prospective, observational study on COVID-19 complications (SILCOV-19) consisting of 200 COVID-19 patients. The AIS was used for the quantitative measurement of insomnia symptoms based on ICD-10 criteria. RESULTS: 32% (n = 64) of all patients in the study group obtained results indicating sleep disturbances (>5 points on the scale), while 21.5% (n = 43) obtained results indicating insomnia (>10 points on the scale). The analysis of the results obtained by all patients in the AIS showed a significant correlation with the duration of symptoms (Spearman's rank-order: R = 0.18; p < 0.05), but not with the number of days spent in the hospital or age. Women achieved a higher score in overall AIS, as well as in questions assessing total sleep time, well-being the next day, physical and mental fitness the next day, and sleepiness during the day (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: the prevalence of insomnia in the early post-COVID-19 recovery period is high.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders , Sleep Wake Disorders , Humans , Female , Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/epidemiology , COVID-19/epidemiology , Prevalence , Prospective Studies , Sleep/physiology , Sleep Wake Disorders/epidemiologyABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Due to the extent of the pandemic, high prevalence and severity of complications in the early postrecovery period are expected. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to compare the scope of early post-COVID19 complications in patients who had the disease and were or were not hospitalized. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was a prospective, observational, registrybased cohort study conducted at a tertiary cardiovascular hospital in Silesia, Poland. Interdisciplinary diagnostics, including cardiovascular, pneumatological, respiratory, neurological, and psychiatric tests, was performed during the study visit. All patients completed the study. Twohundred unselected, adult, white men and women with the symptoms of acute COVID19 were included, of which 86 patients had the disease but did not require hospitalization. RESULTS: The median (interquartile range) time from symptom onset to the study visit was 107 (87-117) and 105 (79-127) days in nonhospitalized and hospitalized patients, respectively. Lung lesions on highresolution computed tomography were found in 10 (8.8%) and 33 (39.3%) of nonhospitalized and hospitalized patients, respectively (P <0.01); no lesions were visualized on chest Xray images. Elevated platelet distribution width was found in more than 70% of the patients in both groups. More than half of the patients had insomnia, regardless of the hospitalization status. CONCLUSIONS: The abnormal platelet parameters, functional and radiological findings in the lungs, and insomnia were the most frequent shortterm COVID19 complications in hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients. Considering the number of patients who have had COVID19 worldwide, a high burden of the post-COVID19 complications might be expected.